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dame school
A Dame school was an early form of a private elementary school in English-speaking countries. They were usually taught by women and were often located in the home of the teacher.
== Britain ==
Dame schools were first mentioned in literature in the 16th century. They were private schools at the lowest end of the spectrum. The establishments were quite varied—some functioned primarily as day care facilities overseen by illiterate women, while others provided their students with a good foundation in the basics. The inadequacies of dame schools in England were illustrated by a study conducted in 1838 by the Statistical Society of London that found nearly half of all pupils surveyed were only taught spelling, with a negligible number being taught mathematics and grammar. Around 1843, the quoted fee in Middlesex was 5s. a week while the common school (private) would charge 11s. There were also free schools, run mainly by the Church of England, and other fee-paying schools operated commercially. Many children just went to Sunday Schools that were run by every Christian denomination. After the Health and Morals of Apprentices Act in 1802, apprentices were guaranteed daily education for 4 years within the factory, but this did not apply to 'free children' working there.
Dame schools became less common in Britain after the introduction of compulsory education by the Elementary Education Act 1870: under that Act schools that were found to be below government-specified standards of tuition could be closed.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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